Subtraction Worksheets
Subtraction problems in big, clear print, always with the bigger number on top: no negative results, no surprises for beginners.
Ages 5-8
Updated July 2026
Subtraction to 10 · #1
12 vertical subtractions within 10 that start from small numbers, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 10 · #2
12 vertical subtractions within 10 with a mix of numbers, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 10 · #3
12 vertical subtractions within 10 that start from a larger number, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 20 · #1
12 vertical subtractions within 20 that start from small numbers, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 20 · #2
12 vertical subtractions within 20 with a mix of numbers, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 20 · #3
12 vertical subtractions within 20 that start from a larger number, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 5, easy numbers
12 vertical subtractions within 5 starting from small numbers, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 5, mixed numbers
12 vertical subtractions within 5 with a mix of numbers, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 5, harder numbers
12 vertical subtractions within 5 starting from a larger number, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 50, easy numbers
12 vertical subtractions within 50 starting from small numbers, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 50, mixed numbers
12 vertical subtractions within 50 with a mix of numbers, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 50, harder numbers
12 vertical subtractions within 50 starting from a larger number, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 100, easy numbers
12 vertical subtractions within 100 starting from small numbers, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 100, mixed numbers
12 vertical subtractions within 100 with a mix of numbers, with answer boxes.
Download PDFSubtraction to 100, harder numbers
12 vertical subtractions within 100 starting from a larger number, with answer boxes.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 5, easy numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 5 starting from small numbers, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 5, mixed numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 5 with a mix of numbers, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 5, harder numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 5 starting from a larger number, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 10, easy numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 10 starting from small numbers, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 10, mixed numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 10 with a mix of numbers, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 10, harder numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 10 starting from a larger number, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 20, easy numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 20 starting from small numbers, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 20, mixed numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 20 with a mix of numbers, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 20, harder numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 20 starting from a larger number, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 100, easy numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 100 starting from small numbers, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 100, mixed numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 100 with a mix of numbers, written left to right.
Download PDFHorizontal subtraction to 100, harder numbers
12 horizontal subtractions within 100 starting from a larger number, written left to right.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 5, easy numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 5 starting from small numbers: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 5, mixed numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 5 with a mix of numbers: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 5, harder numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 5 starting from a larger number: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 10, easy numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 10 starting from small numbers: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 10, mixed numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 10 with a mix of numbers: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 10, harder numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 10 starting from a larger number: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 20, easy numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 20 starting from small numbers: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 20, mixed numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 20 with a mix of numbers: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 20, harder numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 20 starting from a larger number: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 100, easy numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 100 starting from small numbers: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 100, mixed numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 100 with a mix of numbers: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFMissing number subtraction to 100, harder numbers
12 missing-number subtractions within 100 starting from a larger number: find the number that completes each.
Download PDFSubtraction word problems to 10
Six take-away stories with nothing above ten, so a child who can act it out with counters can also write it down.
Download PDFSubtraction word problems to 20
Stories inside twenty, including the one that asks how many were taken out rather than how many are left.
Download PDFSubtraction word problems to 50
Two-digit differences under fifty, the range where a child stops counting back and starts subtracting properly.
Download PDFSubtraction word problems to 100
Numbers up to a hundred, so the working has to move onto paper and the story has to be read carefully first.
Download PDFFact family triangles to 10
Start each triangle from the difference rather than the sum, and subtraction turns into the question of what is missing.
Download PDFFact family triangles to 20
Teen triangles that make the pair of subtractions obvious once the pair of additions has been written down.
Download PDFFact family triangles to 50
Two-digit families where checking a subtraction by adding back stops being a trick and becomes the obvious move.
Download PDFFact family triangles to 100
Triangles built from totals near a hundred, the hardest version and the one that needs written working.
Download PDFColumn subtraction, no borrowing · #1
Nine two-digit subtractions where the top digit always wins, so borrowing never comes up and the layout can be learned first.
Download PDFColumn subtraction, no borrowing · #2
A second page at the same guaranteed level, for consolidating before the borrowing sheets arrive.
Download PDFColumn subtraction with borrowing · #1
Every problem forces a borrow from the tens, so the page cannot be finished by accidentally avoiding the hard step.
Download PDFColumn subtraction with borrowing · #2
Nine fresh borrows drawn from different numbers, because this is the step that gets forgotten between one week and the next.
Download PDF3-digit subtraction, no borrowing · #1
Hundreds introduced with nothing to borrow, so the only difference from the two-digit page is one more column.
Download PDF3-digit subtraction, no borrowing · #2
A repeat at the same level, worth printing when the answers are right but the columns still drift out of line.
Download PDF3-digit subtraction with borrowing · #1
Every problem borrows twice, from the tens and again from the hundreds, which is the version that actually gets set in exams.
Download PDF3-digit subtraction with borrowing · #2
A second page of double borrows, since one clean page is rarely enough to make this stick.
Download PDFSubtraction on a number line to 20
Four lines to count back along, which makes the direction of a subtraction visible instead of just stated.
Download PDFSubtraction on a number line to 30
A line long enough that most jumps cross a tens boundary, which is where counting back on fingers breaks down.
Download PDFSubtraction on a number line to 100
A hundred-long line where counting back one at a time is impractical, so jumping in tens is the only sensible route.
Download PDFTake away from 10
The starting number never changes, so what the page really drills is the set of pairs that make ten.
Download PDFTake away from 20
Twelve problems all starting at twenty, which turns a scattered set of facts into one pattern worth memorising.
Download PDFTake away from 100
Everything is taken from one hundred, the calculation behind working out change and behind quick mental estimates.
Download PDFTake away from 50
Fifty as the fixed starting point, half of a hundred and the easiest place to see complements at two-digit scale.
Download PDFSubtraction on a number line to 50
A fifty-long line where each tick is worth five, so counting back has to happen in groups rather than single steps.
Download PDFBalancing subtraction to 20
A subtraction on each side of the equals sign, and the missing number sits at the far end where guessing does not reach.
Download PDFBalancing subtraction to 30
A wider range of starting numbers, so the two differences that have to match are rarely close together.
Download PDFBalancing subtraction to 50
Two-digit balances where both differences have to be computed before the missing number can even be attempted.
Download PDFBalancing subtraction to 100
The largest balances in the set, where the working usually has to be written out rather than held in the head.
Download PDFTrue or false: differences to 20
Ten subtraction statements to judge rather than solve, which catches the child who reverses the two numbers.
Download PDFTrue or false: differences to 50
Two-digit statements where the wrong ones are usually out by exactly one borrow, so the error is worth naming out loud.
Download PDFTrue or false: differences to 100
The hardest checking page here: differences up to a hundred, where each judgement is a full subtraction in disguise.
Download PDFSubtraction speed drill to 10
Forty small differences on one page, the recall test that follows once the counters have been put away.
Download PDFSubtraction speed drill to 20
The standard forty-fact minute page for differences within twenty, the usual benchmark for first and second grade.
Download PDFSubtraction speed drill to 50
Forty two-digit differences under fifty, still doable mentally but only if the number bonds are solid.
Download PDFSubtraction speed drill to 100
The toughest drill in the set, forty differences reaching a hundred, best saved for when column subtraction is automatic.
Download PDFSubtract 10 in your head
One rule applied sixteen times, until the fact that only the tens digit moves is something the child noticed rather than was told.
Download PDFSubtract 20 in your head
Taking away two tens in one move, the step between subtracting ten and subtracting any multiple of ten.
Download PDFSubtract 100 in your head
Three-digit numbers where only the hundreds digit drops, a pure place-value exercise dressed up as subtraction.
Download PDFSubtract left to right to 30
Ten chains that take away twice in a row, where working right to left gives the wrong answer every time.
Download PDFSubtract left to right to 50
Longer chains from a bigger starting number, so the intermediate result has to be written down or remembered accurately.
Download PDFSubtract left to right to 100
The longest chains here, starting near a hundred, where one careless step costs the whole line.
Download PDFSubtraction without nasty surprises
The practice pages carry twelve problems each, starting within 10 and climbing through 20, 50 and 100. The bigger number is always on top, so the answer is never negative and a beginner never meets a problem they have not been taught to solve yet. Like the addition set, the problems are laid out vertically with generous answer boxes and a name and date line at the top of the page.
Print addition first, subtraction second
Subtraction clicks once addition feels easy, because most children solve 9 minus 4 by asking themselves what added to 4 makes 9. These pages mirror the addition sheets exactly, same layout, same difficulty steps, same number ranges, so moving between the two operations costs nothing: the child is not relearning the format, only the operation. If the take-away idea is still shaky, act it out with counters before the pencil comes out.
Every format the operation needs
There are vertical grids, horizontal rows, missing-number pages, fact family triangles, number lines to count back along, take-away-from-a-fixed-number sheets, borrowing and no-borrowing column pages in two and three digits, balancing equations, true or false checking, timed drills and word problems. Pick the format that matches the difficulty a child is actually having, not the next one in the list.
Frequently asked questions
What age or grade are these subtraction worksheets for?
Ages 5-8, roughly kindergarten to second grade. Subtraction within 10 suits kindergarten and first grade, within 20 is first and second grade work, and column subtraction with borrowing is second grade and later. Start with the lowest number range and only move up when the previous level comes back without counting on fingers.
Do the PDFs print on A4?
Yes. The PDFs are built at US Letter size and print correctly on A4 as well. Select "actual size" or 100% scale in your print dialog, or "fit to page" if your printer has wide margins, and the whole worksheet lands on the sheet.
Is this free to use in my classroom?
Yes. Print as many copies as your class needs, free, with no account and no watermark. The same applies to homeschools, libraries, tutoring and therapy practices. Reselling the sheets or re-uploading them elsewhere is not allowed.